What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Covalent bonds occur when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration, typically filling their outer electron shells. This bond is common between nonmetals and results in the formation of molecules. The strength of the bond depends on the number of shared electrons and the size of the atoms involved. For example, in a water molecule (H2O), the oxygen atom shares electrons with two hydrogen atoms to form covalent bonds. Covalent bonding is essential for the formation of organic compounds and plays a central role in biological systems.