What is the name of the positively charged ion formed when an atom loses electrons?

A cation is a positively charged ion that forms when an atom loses one or more electrons. Since electrons carry a negative charge, their loss leaves the atom with more protons than electrons, resulting in a net positive charge. Cations are typically formed by metals, such as sodium (Na⁺) and calcium (Ca²⁺), during chemical reactions. They play essential roles in biological and chemical processes, including nerve signal transmission and electrolyte balance in the body.