The science of measurement is known as

Metrology is the science of measurement, which involves the study and development of accurate measurement techniques and standards. It encompasses various aspects such as calibration, precision, accuracy, and traceability. Metrologists work to ensure that measurements are reliable, consistent, and comparable across different systems and industries. They play a crucial role in fields like manufacturing, engineering, and scientific research, where precise measurements are essential for quality control, innovation, and advancement. Therefore, metrology is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the science of measurement.